Adopting an older child can bring excitement and difficult questions. You may wonder whether they have a legal say or how to discuss the process without placing pressure on them.
Michigan gives older adoptees a direct role because finalization permanently changes their legal family relationships. Understanding that role can help you prepare them with honesty and care.
When Michigan requires an adoptee’s consent
Under state law, a child who is age 14 or older must consent before the court may enter an order of adoption. This rule applies to stepparent, relative and other minor adoptions.
A child younger than 14 does not provide the same formal consent, although a judge may consider the child’s preference when the child is mature enough to express one in determining whether the adoption is in the child’s best interest. That preference does not determine the outcome, and any required parental, agency or judicial approval must still be secured.
What happens during the consent process
During the proceeding, a judge or court referee guides the adoptee through each requirement and confirms that they understand the legal consequences of the decision:
- The judge or referee explains that the adoptee may refuse to consent.
- The adoptee receives an explanation of how adoption will change their legal family relationships.
- The adoptee voluntarily signs the court-approved consent form before the judge or referee.
- The court creates an official record documenting the child’s consent.
If the case involves a child protective proceeding, a lawyer-guardian ad litem, or LGAL, represents the young person’s best interests and communicates their wishes to the judge. The appointed attorney may remain involved until the appointment ends.
Helping an older child prepare for the consent process
You can explain the proceeding in age-appropriate terms, invite questions and avoid coaching the adoptee on what to say. You can also review what to expect during the Michigan adoption process and ask your attorney, agency or court contact how the consent proceeding may affect the adoptee.
Plan for the transition after finalization
An older child may need time and support to adjust after the court finalizes the adoption. Before the hearing, consider how you will handle school records, medical information, name changes and future contact with relatives. A clear post-adoption plan can reduce uncertainty and help you address practical concerns as they arise.